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Serpentine
Serpentine
Serpentine

Serpentine

Serpentine Subgroup

A species of Kaolinite-serpentine Group, Also known as New Jade, Hydrophite, Pycnotrope, Serpentine Group, Infinite Stone

The name serpentine comes from the greenish-brown color of this stone, which is thought to evoke the shades of a serpent. Appreciated for its coloring and clouded appearance, it has been used as a carving stone by civilizations ranging from ancient Rome to the modern Māori. It is the official State Rock of California.

Hardness
Hardness:

2.5 - 5.5

Density
Density:

2.5 - 2.6 g/cm³

General Info About Serpentine

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Physical Properties of Serpentine

Luster
Greasy
Diaphaneity
Translucent to opaque
Colors
Green, white, black, yellow
Magnetism
Non-magnetic
Tenacity
Flexible, Elastic, Brittle
Cleavage
Perfect
Fracture
Uneven, Conchoidal, Subconchoidal
Streak
White
Crystal System
Monoclinic
Hardness
2.5 - 5.5 , Soft
Density
2.5 - 2.6 g/cm³, Normal Weight
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Chemical Properties of Serpentine

Chemical Classification
Silicates
Formula
(Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Zn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4

Health Risk of Serpentine

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What is the hazards of Serpentine?

Harm Type
Physical Toxicity
Serpentine in powdered form can be toxic due to its Chrysotile Asbestos content.
Beware of chrysotile or white asbestos, which is the most commonly encountered form of asbestos. Inhalation of asbestos fibres can lead to various dangerous lung conditions, including mesothelioma, asbestosis, and lung cancer. And it can take years for symptoms related to the exposure to appear. Lapidaries should exercise caution when cutting this mineral.

How to prevent the risks of Serpentine?

Avoid inhaling its dust!
Serpentine is safe to handle except in powder form. If you plan to cut or polish serpentine, it's advisable to wear a dust mask to avoid inhaling any dust. Asbestos fibers are hazardous when inhaled, as they can lead to serious lung disease.

Discover the Value of Serpentine

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Rarity
Uncommon
Collection Recommendation
4.4 out of 5
Popularity
4.3
Aesthetic
4.4
Rarity
3.9
Sci-Cultural Value
4.1

The Market Price of Serpentine

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Rough/Tumbled Price

Smaller Than Hand (0-1.5in)
$2 - $25
Close Hand (1.5-3in)
$25 - $55
Equal To Hand (3-6in)
$50 - $85
Bigger Than Hand (>6in)
$80

Gemstone Price

Price
$0.5 ~ $5 /ct

How to Care for Serpentine?

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Durability
Nondurable
Scratch resistance
Poor

Toughness of Serpentine

Poor
Fair
Good
Excellent
Serpentine possesses poor toughness due to its brittle nature, leading to potential chipping or fracturing upon impact from daily use.

Stability of Serpentine

Sensitive
Stable
Serpentine's sensitivity to prolonged exposure to water/sunlight and heat, along with potential damage from chemicals, makes it sensitive for daily use.
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Characteristics of Serpentine

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Formation of Serpentine

Serpentinite is a rock composed of one or more serpentine group minerals, the name originating from the similarity of the texture of the rock to that of the skin of a snake. Minerals in this group, which are rich in magnesium and water, light to dark green, greasy looking and slippery feeling, are formed by serpentinization, a hydration and metamorphic transformation of ultramafic rock from the Earth's mantle. The mineral alteration is particularly important at the sea floor at tectonic plate boundaries.

Cultural Significance of Serpentine

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Uses of Serpentine

  1. Decorative stone in architecture: Grades of serpentinite higher in calcite, along with the verd antique (breccia form of serpentinite), have historically been used as decorative stones for their marble-like qualities. College Hall at the University of Pennsylvania, for example, is constructed out of serpentine. Popular sources in Europe before contact with the Americas were the mountainous Piedmont region of Italy and Larissa, Greece.
  2. Carvingstone tools, oil lamp-known as the Qulliq and Inuit sculpture: Inuit and indigenous people of the Arctic areas and less so of southern areas used the carved bowl shaped serpentinite Qulliq or Kudlik lamp with wick, to burn oil or fat to heat, make light and cook with. Inuit made tools and more recently carvings of animals for commerce.
  3. Swiss ovenstone: A variety of chlorite talc schist associated with Alpine serpentinite is found in Val d’Anniviers, Switzerland and was used for making "ovenstones" (Ger. Ofenstein), a carved stone base beneath a cast iron stove.
  4. Neutron shield in nuclear reactors: Serpentinite has a significant amount of bound water, hence it contains abundant hydrogen atoms able to slow down neutrons by elastic collision (neutron thermalization process). Because of this serpentinite can be used as dry filler inside steel jackets in some designs of nuclear reactors. For example, in RBMK series, as at Chernobyl, it was used for top radiation shielding to protect operators from escaping neutrons. Serpentine can also be added as aggregate to special concrete used in nuclear reactor shielding to increase the concrete density (2.6 g/cm3) and its neutron capture cross section.

The Meaning of Serpentine

Known as a "Snake stone" (in Latin "serpent" means "snake"), serpentine was thought to cure snakebite and protect against the snake's venom. According to legends and lores, serpentine was commonly used to carve out chalices for kings. It was believed that drinking medicine from a serpentine chalice would increase the effectiveness of a medicine.

Mineralogy and Petrology of Serpentine

Serpentinization is a geological low-temperature metamorphic process involving heat and water in which low-silica mafic and ultramafic rocks are oxidized (anaerobic oxidation of Fe2+ by the protons of water leading to the formation of H2) and hydrolyzed with water into serpentinite. Peridotite, including dunite, at and near the seafloor and in mountain belts is converted to serpentine, brucite, magnetite, and other minerals – some rare, such as awaruite (Ni3Fe), and even native iron. In the process large amounts of water are absorbed into the rock increasing the volume, reducing the density and destroying the structure.

Etymology of Serpentine

Serpentinite is a rock composed of one or more serpentine group minerals, the name originating from the similarity of the texture of the rock to that of the skin of a snake.

Healing Properties of Serpentine

Serpentine's supposed strong connection with Mother Earth may strengthen your bonds with the environment around you - try meditating outside with this stone. Serpentine isn't believed to work with just one chakra; it aligns them all, creating coherence and calm throughout the body. It is, however, believed to have a particular connection with the crown chakra, enhancing wisdom and retrieving lost memories.
Chakras
Root, Sacral, Solar Plexus, Heart, Throat, Third Eye, Crown

Common Questions People Also Ask

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